Everything you need to know about Rocket (Rucola) seeds
Growing Rocket Seeds: Questions & Answers
What is rocket?
Rocket, also known as rucola or arugula, is a leafy green vegetable known for its peppery and slightly bitter flavor. It is commonly used in salads, sandwiches, and as a garnish. Rocket is fast-growing and can be harvested multiple times during its growing season. It is rich in vitamins A, C, and K, as well as antioxidants. The plant is easy to grow and thrives in cool weather.
When should I plant rocket seeds?
Plant rocket seeds in early spring or late summer when temperatures are between 10°C and 20°C. This timing helps avoid the heat of summer, which can cause the plant to bolt or produce overly bitter leaves. In mild climates, rocket can be grown year-round. For continuous harvests, sow seeds every two to three weeks. This ensures a steady supply of fresh leaves throughout the growing season.
How deep should I plant rocket seeds? Plant rocket seeds at a depth of about 0.5 cm. This shallow planting allows the seeds to germinate quickly, usually within 5 to 7 days. Lightly cover the seeds with soil and gently firm it down to ensure good contact. Water the area gently after planting to keep the soil moist. Avoid planting the seeds too deep, as this can delay germination.
What type of soil is best for growing rocket?
Rocket grows best in well-drained, fertile soil with a pH level between 6.0 and 7.0. The soil should be rich in organic matter, so adding compost before planting is beneficial. Rocket can tolerate a range of soil types but thrives in loamy soil that retains moisture without becoming waterlogged. Avoid heavy clay soils, which can impede root growth and lead to poor drainage. Regularly amend the soil with organic matter to maintain its fertility.
How much space should I leave between rocket plants?
Space rocket plants 10 to 15 cm apart within the row to allow enough room for growth. If planting in rows, space the rows about 30 cm apart to ensure good air circulation. Proper spacing helps reduce the risk of diseases and allows each plant to develop a full rosette of leaves. If you are growing rocket in containers, ensure each plant has sufficient space to avoid overcrowding. Thinning seedlings after germination will help achieve the correct spacing.
How often should I water rocket?
Water rocket regularly to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. The plant needs about 2.5 cm of water per week, either from rainfall or supplemental watering. Consistent moisture helps produce tender, flavorful leaves. During hot or dry periods, increase the frequency of watering to prevent the plant from bolting or the leaves from becoming too bitter. Mulching around the plants can help retain soil moisture and reduce the need for frequent watering.
How long does it take for rocket to mature?
Rocket typically takes 4 to 6 weeks to reach maturity, depending on the growing conditions. You can begin harvesting young leaves as soon as they are large enough to eat, usually within 3 weeks. For a continuous supply, harvest the outer leaves first, allowing the inner leaves to continue growing. Rocket is a cut-and-come-again crop, so you can harvest it multiple times throughout the season. The flavor is best when the leaves are young and tender.
Can I grow rocket in containers?
Yes, rocket can be successfully grown in containers. Choose a container with a depth of at least 15 cm to accommodate the roots. Use a high-quality, well-draining potting mix and ensure the container has good drainage holes. Rocket grown in containers may require more frequent watering, especially in hot weather. You can grow rocket indoors on a sunny windowsill or outside on a balcony or patio.
What pests and diseases affect rocket?
Rocket can be affected by pests such as flea beetles, aphids, and slugs. These pests can cause holes in the leaves or stunt plant growth. To prevent pests, consider using row covers or organic pest control methods such as neem oil. Rocket is also susceptible to diseases like downy mildew and leaf spot, especially in humid conditions. To minimize disease risk, ensure good air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and rotate crops regularly.
How do I harvest rocket leaves?
Harvest rocket leaves by cutting the outer leaves first, using a sharp pair of scissors or garden shears. Leave the central growing point intact to allow the plant to continue producing new leaves. You can harvest rocket at any stage, but the flavor is best when the leaves are young and tender. Regular harvesting encourages new growth and extends the plant’s productive period. If the plant starts to flower, the leaves may become more bitter, but they are still edible.
Can I eat rocket flowers?
Yes, rocket flowers are edible and have a milder flavor compared to the leaves. The small white or yellow flowers add a peppery taste to salads and other dishes. They can also be used as a garnish for their visual appeal. If you allow your rocket plants to flower, the leaves may become more bitter, so it’s a matter of taste preference. Harvesting the flowers early can also help prolong the leaf production of the plant.
How do I store harvested rocket leaves?
Store harvested rocket leaves in the refrigerator in a plastic bag or container. To keep the leaves fresh, wrap them in a damp paper towel before placing them in the bag. Rocket leaves are best used within a few days of harvesting, as they tend to wilt quickly. If you have a large harvest, you can also freeze rocket leaves, although they will lose some texture. To freeze, blanch the leaves briefly in boiling water, then cool them in ice water before storing in an airtight container.
Can rocket tolerate frost?
Rocket is a cool-season crop and can tolerate light frosts. In fact, the flavor of the leaves often improves with cooler temperatures, becoming sweeter and less bitter. In regions with mild winters, rocket can be grown throughout the winter months. However, in areas with severe frost or snow, it’s best to provide protection, such as a cold frame or row cover, to extend the growing season. Rocket is less tolerant of extreme heat, which can cause it to bolt.
How can I use rocket in cooking?
Rocket is versatile and can be used in a variety of dishes. It is commonly added to salads for a peppery kick but can also be used as a topping for pizzas, in sandwiches, or as a garnish for soups and pasta dishes. Rocket pairs well with flavors like lemon, garlic, and parmesan. You can also wilt rocket like spinach or blend it into pesto. Its distinctive flavor adds depth to both raw and cooked dishes.
How can I save rocket seeds for next season?
To save rocket seeds, allow some of your plants to flower and produce seed pods. The pods will turn brown and dry out as they mature. Once dry, collect the pods and break them open to release the seeds. Store the seeds in a cool, dry place in an airtight container. Properly stored rocket seeds can remain viable for up to 4 years, allowing you to grow rocket in future seasons.